Syro-Malankara Church - Background/history

The Malankara Syrian Catholic Church is a Major Archiepiscopal Church and is one of the 23 rites of the Universal (Catholic) Church. Rites are individual Churches in communion with the Pope; 22 rites are Eastern, and one is Western. The Latin Rite (commonly referred to as the Roman Catholic rite) is the Western rite. The theology of the Malankara Syrian Catholic rite is the same as the Latin rite, but the liturgy is different.

Here's (quite) a bit of history.

The history of the Malankara Church dates back to A.D. 52, the year in which St. Thomas the Apostle came to India. Over the course of twenty years, St. Thomas preached the Gospel in the southern parts of India, building 7 and ½ churches. The Persian (East Syriac) Church had close relations with the Church in Malabar because of their shared patrimony – the Persian Church also claimed St. Thomas as its founder. It was the Chaldean liturgy that was in use in the Malabar Church until the 17^th century and it was Persian bishops who guided the Church.

In the 16^th century, Portuguese missionaries arrived in India and the evangelization of India was entrusted to them by the Holy Father. Naturally tensions between the Latin missionaries and the Syriac Christians existed. Unfortunately, these tensions were soon elevated when the missionaries sought to Latinize the liturgy in an attempt to free the Chaldean liturgy of its so-called heresies. The refusal on the part of the Latin missionaries to understand the value of diversity and the refusal on the part of some Indian Christians to give up their liturgical traditions resulted in a split within the Indian Church. In 1653, the Church in India split into two. One group, which would eventually become the Syro-Malabar rite, accepted the Latinized liturgy and Latin authority over them; thus, they officially entered into communion with Rome. Another group, choose to split from the Catholic Church because they wanted to preserve their liturgy and autonomy. Since the arrival of the Latin missionaries, the influence of the Persian Church on the Church in India had declined significantly such that the schismatic group looked to the West Syriac (Antiochene) or Jacobite Church. The Syrian Orthodox or Jacobite Church soon sent bishops to Malankara, beginning with Mar Gregorios in 1663. These bishops, over the course of two centuries, introduced Antiochene elements of the liturgy; in the 19^th century the liturgy of the schismatic or Malankara Syrian Orthodox Christians had become Antiochene. Unfortunately, attempts at reunion with Rome failed several times. Moreover, the Malankara Syrian Orthodox Church was split multiple times, most recently in the 20^th century. The two factions, namely the Malankara Syrian Orthodox (Jacobite), under the Jacobite Patriarch of Antioch, and the Malankara Orthodox Syrian (Orthodox), and autocephalous Church, fought immensely between each other. The bishops of the Orthodox faction sought to rejoin the Catholic communion because they were in the minority when compared to the Jacobite faction. In 1926, Mar Ivanios (an Orthodox bishop) was authorized to seek reunion with the Catholic Church; he was, however, to seek the preservation of the (now Antiochene) liturgy and the autonomy of the bishops.

On September 20, 1930, Mar Ivanios, along with four others – another bishop, a priest, a deacon, and a layman – reunited with the Roman Church. The other bishops of the Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church, for their own reasons, chose not to reunite. The reunion of Mar Ivanios was the result of much prayer and study. Undeterred by the lack of support from his brother bishops, Mar Ivanios continued because, as he himself put it, “I looked for the Church of Christ and I found that it subsisted in the Catholic Church … If obeying Christ is the primary duty of a Christian, I tried to obey Him … The Church is God’s Church and is not be dealt with according to each one’s whims and fancies. The real body of Christ is the Catholic Church. Those branches separated from the main trunk are destined to wither away.”^[1] Mar Ivanios was allowed to preserve the Antiochene liturgy of St. James: all of the Malankara liturgical traditions were preserved. On June 11, 1932, the hierarchy of the Malankara Syrian Catholic Church was formed under the Metropolitan Archdiocese of Trivandrum.

In 2005, the Holy Father, John Paul II, of beloved memory, elevated the Malankara Church to Archiepiscopal status. The Major Archbishop, or Catholicos, is the Head and Father of the Malankara Syrian Catholic Church. With this elevation, the Malankara Syrian Catholic Church now has fullest autonomy possible. According to the Code of Canons of the Eastern Churches, a Major Archiepiscopal Church has all the rights and privileges of a Patriarchal Church; the only exception being that a new Patriarch has to request communion with Rome whereas the Major Archbishop has to have his election confirmed by the Pope.

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[1] Geevarghese Chediath, The Malankara Catholic Church, translated by A.J. Joy Angemadathil (Kottayam, India: Bethany Sister’s Publication, 2003), 100.

Bible according to children (hilarious post)

(Disclaimer: This post is taken word-for-word from the book mentioned at the end of this post)

(Warning: Eating and/or drinking is NOT recommended while reading this post as it may result in choking. The post or the authors of the blog will not be held responsible to any damage that occurs). :D

Enjoy

Sunday school boys and girls produce not only graphic misinterpretations of the Bible in their drawings. They also rewrite biblical history with amazing Grace. It is truly astonishing what happens to Bible stories when they are retold by young scholars around the world.

The Bible is full of many interesting caricatures. Michelangelo painted them on the sixteen chapels.

The first five books of the Bible are Genesis, Exodus, laxatives, Deuteronomy, and Numbers. In the first book of the Bible, Guinessis, God got tired of creating the world, so he took the sabbath off. Adam and Eve were created from an apple tree. One of their children, Cain, asked, “am I my brother's son? My punishment is greater than I can bare.”

Noah’s wife was called Joan of Ark. He built an ark, which the animals came on to in pears. Lot’s wife was a pillar of salt by day, but a ball of fire by night. Saddam and Gomorrah were twins.

Abraham begat Issac and Isaac begat Jacob and Jacob begat twelve partridges. God asked Abraham to sacrifice Isaac on Mount Montezuma. Abraham took Isaac up the mountain to be circumcised. Jacob, son of Isaac, stole his brother Esau’s birthmark. Esau was a man who wrote fables and sold his copyright for a mess of potash. Jacob was a patriarch who brought up his 12 sons to be patriarchs, but they did not take to it. One of Jacob's sons, Joseph, gave refuse to the Israelites.

The Jew's were a proud people and throughout history they had trouble with the unsympathetic Genitals. Samsung was a strong man who left himself be led astray by a Jezebel like Delilah. Samson slayed the Philistines with the axe of the Apostles. He slayed them by pulling down the pillows of the temple.

Pharaoh forced the Hebrew slaves to make beds without straw. Moses was an Egyptian who lived in a hark made of bullrushes. Moses led the Hebrews to the red Sea, where they made unleavened bread, which is bread made without any ingredients. The Egyptians were all drowned in the dessert.

Afterwards, Moses went up on Mount Cyanide to get the 10 Amendments. The First commandment was when Eve told Adam to eat the apple. The Fifth Commandment is humor thy father and mother. The Seventh Commandment is thou shalt not admit adultery. The Ninth Commandment is thou salt not bare faults witness.

Moses ate nothing but whales and manner for forty years. He died before he ever reached Canada. Then, Joshua led the Hebrews in the battle of Geritol. The greatest miracle in the bible is when Joshua told his son to stand still and he obeyed him.

David was a Hebrew king skilled at playing the liar. He wrote psalms. They are called psalms because he sang them while playing the harmonica. David also fought with the Finkelsteins, a race of people who lived in biblical times. Solomon, one of David’s sons, had 300 wives and 700 porcupines.
Later came Job, who had one trouble after another. Eventually, he lost all his cattle and all his children and had to go live along with his wife in the desert. Then came Shadrach, Meshach, and to Bed We Go, and then Salome, who was a wicked woman who wore very few clothes and took them off when she danced before the Harrods.

When Mary heard that she was the Mother of Jesus, she sang the Magna Carta. When the three wise guys from the East Side arrived, they found Jesus in the manager wrapped in waddling clothes. In the Gospel of Luke they named him Enamel. Jesus was born because Mary had an immaculate contraption. St. John, the Blacksmith, dumped water on his head.

Jesus enunciated the Golden Rule, which says to do one to others before they do one to you. He also explained, “Man doth not live by sweat alone.” Jesus was crucified on his way to Calgary. It was a miracle when he rose from the dead and managed to get the tombstone off the entrance.

The people who followed the Lord were called the twelve decibels. The epistles were the wives of the apostles. One of the opposums was St. Matthew, who was by profession a taximan.

St. Paul cavorted to Christianity. He preached holy acrimony, which is another name for marriage. A Christian should only have one wife. This is called monotony. The natives of Macedonia did not believe in Paul, so he got stoned.

Other Christians were condemned to death in large groups. They entered the arena to face wild lions singing hymns of praise in the name of the Father, the Son, and In-The-Hole-he-Goes. The Romans went to the coliseum to watch the Christian die for the fun of it. But, as Mel Brooks says, “The meek shall inherit the earth.”

Taken from

Don't Stop Laughing Now, pages 47 - 50

A Prayer for Lent (based on the Prayers for Saumo of the Malankara Syrian Catholic Divine Office and Matthew 6:1-6, 16-18)

We call upon Thee, O! Lord, to assist us in our daily walk with you and toward you. Remind us always of the incredible sacrifice you made for our sins and of your immense love. During this season of Lent, as we unite ourselves to you and your time spent fasting and praying, help us also in our Lenten sacrifices.

Dear Lord, lead us to prayer; help us to unite ourselves with you. Let this time of Lent be a time of renewal in our relationship with you O God, Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. Make us worthy to be called your followers. Help us to attend the Holy Mass regularly and receive Jesus into our lives worthily in the Eucharist. Remind us and give us the grace to prepare ourselves for the celebration of the Holy Mass.

As you fasted, so also, teach us to fast. Let our fast be one that is acceptable to you. Help us to remember that in our fasting we seek to imitate you and not bring glory to ourselves. Through our fast also, we pray Lord, that we too may be able subdue our enemies as you did: “With the fast of forty days / Jesus, the Lord, enemies subdued.” May our fasts be like those of Moses and Elijah, who spent forty days praying and fasting on your holy mountain. Through our fasts, purify our hearts and desires, renew our spirit, and make us clean, O! Lord.

Give us the grace to help people Lord. Make us beacons of your love. Help us to help others as you have helped us. Help us to be not as the hypocrites, but do everything so that only you may see it. Remind us that when we do good actions for others, we do them to you, O Lord.; when we don’t do good deeds for others, it is you we are shunning. Help us always to have a pure heart and to give alms with a pure heart.

Help us to do everything for you and for you alone, O Lord. Amen.

Reasons for the reduced number of vocations

The past few decades have seen a dramatic decline in the number of people entering seminary to study for priesthood. One of the exceptions is of course in India and in the African countries where vocations are growing along with the number of the faithful. Why is this happening? Why is it that the number of vocations are being trickled down to almost nothing? Is it a lack of calling from God? Personally, I do not believe that’s true. Here are some possible reasons.

1. Families are not religious – The foundation of church is the family. Each individual family – consisting of father, mother, and children – make up the church and therefore it is the responsibility of each family to uphold Christian values and live like good Christians. However, in the Western Hemisphere, especially in developed countries, families are crumbling to single parent families. Why does this happen? A family united by God falls apart when they reject God. Of course, this is not true in all cases, however, looking at the current situation, one cannot help but wonder what place God is given in the families of developed nations. The number of atheists and agnostics are rising each day. This is because parents have failed to teach the children about Christianity, its values, and its foundations. Because they failed to complete their responsibility, now the society is crumbling because of godlessness. When families do not teach Christian values, Christianity and the Christian spirit dies in the family, which leads to less and less vocations, which causes less priests to be ordained.
   
   
2. Negative image of Priesthood - Another reason is that priesthood is given a negative image by many because of recent happening. While the happening may or may not be true, it should be noticed only less than 1% of all priests have committed any heinous crimes. Others are leading a model life. Therefore, not only is it unfair to paint every priest with the same brush, but it’s also ridiculous to do so.
   
   
3. Want of a life with freedom and lack of restrictions - Freedom without restrictions has come to become the motto of many teenagers and young adults. They want to engage in substance abuse and promiscuous activities to please the desires of flesh. Priesthood calls for a life of celibacy and humility, which can only be practiced with God’s grace and self-control. Most people today are unwilling to take that path just to enjoy life as much as they can today, without giving a thought about the eternal life, which lasts much longer than 60 or 70 or 90 years. People should learn to overcome the temptations that are present at every corner. This not only helps to be a better person spiritually, but it also provides to become a better human being.
   
   
4. Celibacy seen as “unmanly” - Celibacy is seen as “unmanly” and unnatural. First of all, it takes real men to become celibates. To reject the pleasures and desires of the flesh requires firm self-control and solid determination. Celibacy has never been an unnatural aspect. Yogis of the Himalayas, hermits of Hinduism, monks of Buddhism, and if these are not enough, Jesus himself was a celibate.
   
   
5. Choosing bad role models - Today, teenagers and the youth lack good role models. To them, their heroes include actors, singers, and celebrities who have money but not personal happiness or satisfaction. This has to change. As was popular in the old days, saints and the common people who lead a good life should be modeled. This will surely increase the spirituality in the populace.
   
   
6. Unappreciated life of a priest - Priesthood is often seen, and truthfully so, as an unappreciated way of life. In this world where people search for fame and glory, to live for others seems like a strange idea. However, the happiness and satisfactions the priest receives while holding the Holy Eucharist in their hands or after helping someone by listening to them cannot be achieved through any other ordinary means. Priesthood calls for sacrifice; to lay down your life for the well being of others. Even if the job is unappreciated, it is to a priest that a person goes to when they are in trouble. It is not the prestige of the job that counts, but the effects it has on others.

If these obstacles can be overcome, the number of people who listen to their vocations will increase. Religiousness in families will increase making the family stable. The society will become a model to others. Prayer, too, also plays an important role. Prayer is a necessary for the growth of vocations. Please pray for vocations.

H.G. Geevarghese Mar Ivanios: Architect of the Reunion Movement and First Metropolitan Archbishop of the Malankara Syrian Catholic Church

On the Life and Legacy of Mar Ivanios

Malankara Catholic Mission of Chicago

Mar Ivanios Day, July 16, 2006

Introduction

“It is more important for you to surrender yourself to God than serve Him:” ¹ this realization was responsible for changing not only the life of Mar Ivanios, but also the whole course of Malankara history. It is this realization that led to the formation of the Order of the Imitation of Christ. It is this realization that brought peace to Geevarghese Panicker Achen at a time of great unrest in the Malankara Jacobite Church. It is this realization that led Mar Ivanios to seek to the Truth, to find the Truth, and to accept the Truth. It is this realization that set Mar Ivanios on the rocky path that would eventually lead to reunion with the one Church established by Christ. It is this realization that allows us to call ourselves, Syro-Malankara Catholics.

Today we are here to remember the architect of the Reunion Movement, the Newman of the East, the Bishop who endured much suffering and persecution for his people, the Shepherd who risked his own life to lead his flock to green pastures and still waters. We are here to remember His Grace Mar Ivanios, the First Metropolitan Archbishop of the Syro-Malankara Catholic Church. Mar Ivanios was a man of great faith and great learning. His entire life was dedicated to seeking God in all that he did. He put his complete trust in the Lord. When there was no hope to be found, he found hope in Christ Jesus; although he was surrounded by fighting and chaos, he found peace in Christ Jesus. He reached out to those who were neglected; he loved those who were unloved; he welcomed those who were cast out by others. He was and remains a saintly role model and the source of inspiration for many. Most importantly, he was a true servant of Christ Jesus.

Today, in addition to speaking about the life of Mar Ivanios, I would like to discuss the legacy of Mar Ivanios. In doing so, I hope also to discuss the character and spirituality of Mar Ivanios, as they had a profound impact on his legacy. Moreover, I hope to provide some insight into why the reunion of Mar Ivanios succeeded when previous attempts had failed.

No one can deny the many contributions made by Mar Ivanios. He stressed the importance of education and the role it plays in the spiritual uplift of the community. His prophetic vision of a Church characterized by unity, renewal, and ecumenism predated the historic Second Vatican Council. His untiring efforts to improve the conditions of the poor strengthened his faith and also provided a valuable example for his successors. However, there remains an even greater contribution: the legacy of Mar Ivanios is the union of the historic Roman Catholic Church which has an undeniable link to Christ with the richness and beauty of our Indian heritage and the Antiochean liturgy. The legacy of Mar Ivanios, therefore, is the Syro-Malankara Catholic Church.

Early Life and Reunion

The reunion of Mar Ivanios was a lifelong process that culminated in the actual Reunion of 1930. Mar Ivanios was born on September 21, 1882, to Thoma and Annamma Panicker of the Puthicavu parish in Mavelikkara. He was born on the Feast of the Nativity of Mother Mary according to the Julian calendar, and was baptized a short time later with the name George or Geevarghese. From an early age, Geevarghese Panicker had a strong desire to enter the priesthood; he would often fast and pray for such an opportunity. His mother also prayed for this and prepared the boy to enter the priesthood. It is from his mother that Geevarghese first learned the ways and traditions of the Church. It is also through his mother that Geevarghese developed a deep devotion to Mother Mary, a devotion he would carry into adulthood. When the time came for him to enter the seminary, he went eagerly and worked hard. While studying at the seminary, he showed a great aptitude for learning. He was sent to Madras Christian College where he would receive his Master’s Degree in History and Economics. He was the first among the Jacobite clergy to receive a Master’s degree.

During and after his time at Madras Christian College, Geevarghese Semmashen would prepare sermons on the liturgy and the sacraments and commentaries on scriptural passages. People came from far and near to hear him speak. He spoke with such wisdom and passion that a spiritual renewal took place among the Jacobite Christians. On August 28, 1908, the Feast of the Assumption of Mary according to the Julian calendar, Geevarghese Semmashen was ordained and became Geevarghese Achen. The years immediately following his ordination were years of great unrest and upheaval in the Malankara Jacobite Church. The Church that he loved so much was in turmoil: the people went to church on Sunday, not to partake in the Holy Qurbana, but to discuss the latest news on the court cases. It was during this time that Geevarghese Achen was offered solace at Serampore University in Calcutta.

His seven years², from 1912 – 1919, as professor at Serampore are among the most important years in the life of Mar Ivanios. He had brought with him a small group of Semmashens, and later a small group of ladies, to continue their education at Serampore. Under his close watch, these two communities would eventually become the Order of the Imitation of Christ and the Sisters of the Imitation of Christ, respectively. It was at Serampore that he realized that it is more important for one to surrender himself to God than serve Him. This realization stirred Geevarghese Achen to grow closer to Christ Jesus. After researching the monastic orders of the West and the Indian ascetic orders, Geevarghese Achen decided to start an Indian monastic order which would live a strict monastic life while incorporating aspects of the Indian heritage. The result was Bethany. In the Gospels, Bethany was the home of Lazarus, Martha, and Mary; it was a place of peace where Jesus could escape his persecutors. So too, in the strife-torn Jacobite Church, Bethany became a shining symbol of peace and harmony.

For Geevarghese Achen, spirituality had always been connected with learning and intellectualism. Thus, he devoted himself to study and meditation. The result was two-fold. First, Geevarghese Achen was no longer interested in material possessions; he yearned only for spiritual gain. Second, like John Henry Cardinal Newman in England a century earlier, an extensive study of the history and the canons of the Church led Mar Ivanios to discover and accept that the one Church established by Christ was the Catholic Church and the Pope was the true successor of Peter whom the Lord had appointed to lead the Church. This discovery occurred in 1923, and from that moment on, Geevarghese Achen had one goal: reunion with the Catholic Church. Thus, reunion, for Mar Ivanios, was a spiritual fulfillment necessary for complete surrender to God.

Geevarghese Achen preparing himself through study and meditation. On May 1, 1925, Geevarghese Achen was ordained Bishop of Bethany; he took the name Ivanios after the Apostle John, the patron saint of Bethany. In 1926, with the full approval and complete support of the Synod of Bishops, Mar Ivanios began communicating with Rome regarding reunion. Of utmost importance to Mar Ivanios was the preservation of the liturgy and traditions of the Malankara Jacobite Church and autonomy of its bishops. After four painstaking years, Rome was ready for reunion.

However, only Mar Theophilos, his fellow Bethany bishop, was willing to reunite in 1930; the other bishops, for their own reasons, chose not to reunite. This did not shake the determination of Mar Ivanios. He continued with the reunion because as he, himself, described it,

“I am fully confident that in each of my steps I am being guided by the good Lord. I desire earnestly to raise the community in which I was born and brought up, to God, in order to reform it and lead it to prosperity … I believe firmly that the reunion of the Christian communities must be based on the foundation of historical Christianity … such a reunion is not possible without the Roman Catholic Church.” ³

On September 20, 1930, Mar Ivanios and Mar Theophilos, together with Fr. John OIC, Bro. Alexander OIC, and Mr. Chacko Kilileth, made their profession of faith before Archbishop Benzinger of Kollam. On September 20, 1930, the Syro-Malankara Catholic Church had an Archbishop, a Bishop, a Priest, a Deacon, and a Layperson. The next day, Mar Ivanios celebrated his first Qurbana as a Syro-Malankara Catholic in Malayalam. Later that day, he welcomed to the Catholic faith his parents, the Rembans Pulikkottil and Cheppatt, all of the Bethany Sisters, and a portion of the Bethany Achens. Like the First Christians, the Syro-Malankara Catholics grew in number each day. Also, like the first Christians, the reunited Catholics underwent much persecution, especially Mar Ivanios who suffered much for the young Church. The Malankara Catholics, following the example of their shepherd, put their complete trust in the Lord and were able to persevere and grow. The reunion of Mar Ivanios was successful because it was undertaken for purely spiritual reasons; it was the result of much preparation on the part of Mar Ivanios.

Mar Ivanios did not rest after the Reunion. Immediately he went to Rome to meet with His Holiness Pius XI who gave Mar Ivanios “a big welcome.” In 1932, the Hierarchy of the Malankara Catholic Church was established. Under the leadership and guidance, the young Church grew and flourished. Sadly, on July 15, 1953, the Feast of Our Lady of Carmel, Mar Ivanios was called to Heaven. His successor, His Grace Benedict Mar Gregorios, continued the mission of Mar Ivanios and lead the young Church to great prosperity. Presently, His Beatitude Moran Mor Cyril Baselios Catholicos, leads our Church which now has eight Bishops, five dioceses, and over 500,000 members.

Conclusion

We as Catholics living after the Second Vatican Council often take for granted our liturgy and our rich heritage. We must not forget or diminish the dedication and sacrifice of Mar Ivanios in preserving the Malankara liturgy of the Antiochean tradition and bringing it into the Catholic communion. That we, the Malankara Catholics in diaspora, come together each week to celebrate the Holy Qurbana in our native tongue is a true testament to the genius and vision of Mar Ivanios. The recognition of His Holiness John Paul II of the Syro-Malankara Catholic Church as “one of the fastest growing Catholic communities”⁴ and elevation of the Malankara Church to a Major Archiepiscopal Church and the establishment of the Catholicate is the full realization of the dream of Mar Ivanios.

We are Syro-Malankara Catholics because of the hard work, dedication, and sacrifice of Mar Ivanios. We are inheritors of his legacy. The “one, holy, Catholic, and Apostolic Church” taught at the Second Vatican Council that “all members of the Eastern rite should know and be convinced that they can and should always preserve their legitimate liturgical rite and their established way of life;”⁵ therefore, we as inheritors of this great legacy should know that it is our mission to live, learn, and practice the traditions and heritage that were so painstakingly preserved for us by Mar Ivanios.

I thank Almighty God for giving me this opportunity to speak today about the great life and legacy of our beloved Mar Ivanios.

Notes and Bibliography

1 Abraham, Peter C. In His Master’s Footsteps, Life Story of Archbishop Mar Ivanios. (Kottayam: Bethany Publications, 2001), 109.

2 The tenure of Mar Ivanios at Serampore University was from 1913-1919; however, I have included 1912 because it was a formative year in the life of Mar Ivanios. His Grace spent much time meditating whether it was right for him to leave for Serampore. It was also in 1912, that Ivanios Thirumeni became thoroughly disgusted with the current state of the Malankara (Jacobite) Church, especially with the preeminence of the “all important court case.”

3 Chediath, Rev. Fr. Geevarghese. The Malankara Catholic Church. (Kottayam: Bethany Sisters Publications, 2003), 101.

4 Ad Limina Visit, 2003, Visita "Ad Limina Apostolorum" Dei Presuli Di RitoSiro-Malankarese Dell’India. John Paul II, May 13, 2003. 1. <http://212.77.1.245/news_services/bulletin/news/13310.php?index=13310&po_date=13.05.2003&lang=ge>

5 Decree on the Catholic Churches of the Eastern Rite, Orientalium Ecclesiarium. Vatican II, November 21, 1964. 6. <http://www.vatican.va/archive/hist_councils/ii_vatican_council/documents/vat-ii_decree_19641121_orientalium-ecclesiarum_en.html>